A new Catholic church building had been required in Prague's Vršovice district since the early 20th century, as the nearby church kostel sv. Mikuláše was no longer big enough for the number of believers. It lasted until 1927, when several architects were selected in an architectural competition. However, the jury was unable to choose one architect. Among them was Josef Gočár, who then won in July 1928. He implemented his concepts from 1929 to 1930. Construction works were completed in just 11 months. They were accelerated in such a way that in 1929 the 1000th anniversary of the Czech patron Wenceslas was being celebrated and people wanted to be proud of a new church.
The building was listed in 1958.